Everything about Julius Von Payer totally explained
Julius Johannes Ludovicus von Payer an
Austro-Hungarian arctic explorer and an arctic
landscape artist, was born
September 2,
1841, in Schönau (Šanov) near
Teplice,
Bohemia (now
Czech Republic). He died on
August 19,
1915, in Veldes, Oberkrain (now
Bled in
Slovenia).
Payer's father, Franz Anton Rudolf Payer, a retired officer, died when Julius was only fourteen. Payer attended k.k. cadet school in Lobzowa near
Kraków (now
Poland). Between
1857 and
1859 he studied at the Theresian Military Academy in
Wiener Neustadt (near
Vienna). In 1859 he served as a sub-lieutenant with the 36th.
infantry regiment in
Verona, Northern
Italy. He participated in the
1859 Battle of Solferino. Between
1860 and
1863 he served at the garrison in
Verona, Italy. In
1863 Payer was assigned as a history teacher to the
cadet school in
Eisenstadt, Austria. After promotion to the rank of
lieutenant first class he was posted to the
garrison of
Venetia.
In
1862 he started exploratory tours of the
Italian Alps and
Hohe Tauern in his free time. From
1864-
1868 he explored the
Adamello-Presanella Group and the
Ortler Alps. He was the first to climb
Adamello (3554m). His tours resulted in creating a detailed
topographical map at a scale 1:56,000. Due to his achievements, Payer was transferred to the Austrian Military Cartographical Institute in Vienna.
On
June 24,
1866 he was heroic at the
Battle of Custoza seizing two
guns and was decorated.
In
1868 he was invited by the German geographer
August Petermann to participate in the
1869-
1870 2nd
German North Polar Expedition (
Germania under
Carl Koldewey).
In
1871 he participated in the preliminary
Austro-Hungarian expedition to
Novaya Zemlya, with
Karl Weyprecht.
From
1872-
1874 he led the
Austro-Hungarian North Pole Expedition with
Karl Weyprecht.
In
1874 he resigned from the army because of political maneuvers against him and his brother officers' doubts about his discovery and his sledge journeys.
On
October 1, 1874, he got 44 Gulden (Austrian currency) for the discovery of
Franz Joseph Land. On
October 24,
1876, he also received an inheritable knighthood.
In
1877 he married the ex-wife of a banker from
Frankfurt am Main. They later had two children, Jules and Alice.
From
1877-
1879 he studied painting at the Städelsches Institut in Frankfurt / Main. From
1880-
1882 he continued his study of art at the Akademie der bildenden Künste in
München.
From
1884-
1890 he worked as a painter in
Paris.
In 1890 he divorced his wife, returned to Vienna and founded a painting school for ladies.
In
1895 he planned a trip for painting to
Kejser Franz Joseph Fjord in northeastern (
Greenland).
In
1912 he planned (at the age of seventy) an expedition in a submarine to the
North Pole.
He died in
1915.
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